UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

In basic models of communication,the sender must convert internal thoughts into an external message. This conversion of ideas into language,gestures or images is known as encoding. Without encoding,the message cannot travel through any channel to the receiver. Thus the process described in the stem is correctly termed encoding.

Option A:
Decoding is the opposite operation carried out by the receiver,who interprets the message coming from the sender. It does not refer to the sender choosing words or symbols. Therefore it does not match the description of translating ideas into symbols.

Option B:
Encoding is the stage where the sender decides how best to express their idea so that the receiver can understand. It involves selecting suitable words,tone and non verbal cues. Because the stem emphasises this act of translation,encoding is the most appropriate term.

Option C:
Feedback is the receiver’s response returning to the sender after the initial message has been received and interpreted. It is not the original translation of ideas into message form. Hence feedback cannot be the correct answer here.

Option D:
Filtration refers to selective transmission or suppression of information,often because of organisational or personal factors. It does not describe the basic act of putting ideas into symbols at the point of message creation.

Encoding involves converting thoughts into symbols such as words and examples. If a teacher uses abstract vocabulary, unclear sentences or culturally unfamiliar illustrations, the message may not represent the intended meaning for students. This is an encoding error because the problem lies in how the message is formulated before transmission, leading to confusion even if the channel works well.

Option A:
Option A shows effective encoding where language and examples match students’ level, which reduces errors instead of creating them.

Option B:
Option B is correct because using overly abstract, ambiguous language is a problem in the formulation of the message itself and therefore a classic encoding error.

Option C:
Option C shows the teacher checking understanding and reformulating explanations. This is a corrective strategy based on feedback, not an example of an encoding error.

Option D:
Option D describes presenting complex ideas step by step with clear structure, which usually improves encoding clarity rather than causing problems.

Encoding is the sender’s act of converting ideas into symbols (words, gestures, diagrams). When the teacher formulates a message into verbal/non-verbal symbols, it is encoding.

Option A:
Encoding is the teacher’s message formulation—choosing words, tone and gestures to express ideas.

Option B:
Decoding is the receiver’s interpretation (students), not the teacher’s conversion of ideas into symbols.

Option C:
Feedback is information returned after message receipt; it is not the creation of the message.

Option D:
Noise is interference/distortion, not the conversion of ideas into symbols.

Encoding is the act of converting ideas or meanings into symbols suitable for transmission,such as words,images or diagrams. When teachers prepare lessons,they transform abstract concepts into teachable signs. The stem describes exactly this translation step,so it is encoding.

Option A:
Encoding involves careful selection of vocabulary,examples and visuals to represent content clearly,which matches the teacher's preparation activity.

Option B:
Decoding is the receiver's task of interpreting messages,not the teacher's planning process.

Option C:
Feedback is student response after instruction,not prior formulation.

Option D:
Channel refers to the medium carrying the encoded message,not the act of creating it.

Encoding is the process by which a sender converts thoughts,ideas or feelings into symbols such as words,images or gestures. The stem describes this translation before message transmission. Therefore encoding is the correct term. Without proper encoding,the receiver cannot understand the intended meaning.

Option A:
Decoding is the receiver's process of interpreting these symbols and occurs after the message is sent. It does not describe the initial translation.

Option B:
Feedback refers to the receiver's response to the message,not its initial creation.

Option C:
Encoding is the sender’s act of converting ideas into symbols (words/images) for transmission,which is exactly what the stem describes.

Option D:
Noise is interference that distorts the message and is not a step in formulating it.

Encoding is the step in which the sender converts ideas or feelings into communicable symbols. These symbols may be words,gestures or images that can travel through a channel. Without encoding,the receiver would have nothing concrete to interpret. Therefore encoding correctly names the act described in the stem.

Option A:
Encoding involves selecting suitable language and symbols so that the message can be transmitted. It is an active mental process by the sender. This term exactly fits the description of putting ideas into words or symbols.

Option B:
Decoding is the receiver's activity of interpreting the encoded message. It takes place after the message has been transmitted. It does not describe what the sender does at the start of communication.

Option C:
Feedback is the receiver's response sent back to the original sender. It comes later in the sequence and does not involve converting ideas into symbols.

Option D:
Channel is the medium used to carry the encoded message,such as air,phone or paper. It is not the cognitive act of symbol selection by the sender.