UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and D are correct, whereas C is incorrect. A is true because encoding refers to the sender’s work of putting ideas into words, numbers, images or other symbols. B is true as decoding refers to the receiver’s interpretation of those symbols to reconstruct the intended meaning. D is true since when the way the sender encodes differs from how the receiver decodes, misunderstanding can arise. C is false because interpretation depends on the receiver’s decoding skills, not their encoding skills, which relate to message production.

Option A:
Option A includes A and B only and omits D, failing to acknowledge that misalignment between encoding and decoding is a key cause of miscommunication. Although it correctly states the two processes, it does not capture their consequence when they are not aligned. Therefore A and B only is incomplete and cannot be the correct answer.

Option B:
Option B combines A, B and D, covering the nature of encoding and decoding as well as the effect of mismatch between them. It excludes C, which confuses encoding skills with decoding abilities on the receiver’s side. Because it contains all and only the correct statements, A, B and D only is the right answer.

Option C:
Option C lists B and D only and leaves out A, thereby omitting a clear definition of encoding, the complementary process to decoding. While B and D are accurate, the absence of A means that the account of communication processes is partial. Consequently B and D only is not the correct option.

Option D:
Option D brings together A, C and D and wrongly includes C, which misattributes interpretation to encoding skills of the receiver. This mixture of one false statement with two correct ones makes the option logically inconsistent. Hence A, C and D only cannot be chosen.

In basic models of communication,the sender must convert internal thoughts into an external message. This conversion of ideas into language,gestures or images is known as encoding. Without encoding,the message cannot travel through any channel to the receiver. Thus the process described in the stem is correctly termed encoding.

Option A:
Decoding is the opposite operation carried out by the receiver,who interprets the message coming from the sender. It does not refer to the sender choosing words or symbols. Therefore it does not match the description of translating ideas into symbols.

Option B:
Encoding is the stage where the sender decides how best to express their idea so that the receiver can understand. It involves selecting suitable words,tone and non verbal cues. Because the stem emphasises this act of translation,encoding is the most appropriate term.

Option C:
Feedback is the receiver’s response returning to the sender after the initial message has been received and interpreted. It is not the original translation of ideas into message form. Hence feedback cannot be the correct answer here.

Option D:
Filtration refers to selective transmission or suppression of information,often because of organisational or personal factors. It does not describe the basic act of putting ideas into symbols at the point of message creation.

Encoding is the sender’s act of converting ideas into symbols (words, gestures, diagrams). When the teacher formulates a message into verbal/non-verbal symbols, it is encoding.

Option A:
Encoding is the teacher’s message formulation—choosing words, tone and gestures to express ideas.

Option B:
Decoding is the receiver’s interpretation (students), not the teacher’s conversion of ideas into symbols.

Option C:
Feedback is information returned after message receipt; it is not the creation of the message.

Option D:
Noise is interference/distortion, not the conversion of ideas into symbols.

Statements A, C, D and F are correct, whereas B and E are incorrect. Encoding is the sender’s act of choosing symbols for ideas, and decoding is the receiver’s interpretation. Language proficiency and cultural background greatly influence how well messages are encoded and decoded, and mismatched codes between teacher and students cause misinterpretation. It is wrong to say decoding happens when the sender drafts the message or that only teachers encode while students only decode, because students also send messages. Hence the correct set is A, C, D and F.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it includes exactly the four true statements and excludes the two false ones. It accurately shows how encoding and decoding are shared processes shaped by proficiency, culture and code-matching. This combination therefore fits established communication theory in educational contexts.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since it treats B as true, claiming decoding occurs when the sender drafts the message. Drafting is part of encoding, not decoding. Including B alongside correct statements produces a conceptual error that invalidates the option.

Option C:
Option C is wrong because it adds E into the set while leaving the errors about role division unchallenged. E falsely suggests that students never encode messages, when in reality they ask questions, respond and send signals. Therefore A, C, D, E and F only cannot be accepted.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as it omits A, a fundamental definition of encoding, and includes both B and E, which misrepresent who encodes and when decoding occurs. The presence of two false statements and the absence of a basic one make B, C, D, E and F only an unsuitable answer.