Sustainable urban transport – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B and D capture the major elements of sustainable urban transport. A highlights the importance of public and non-motorised transport in cutting congestion and emissions, B stresses integrating land-use with transport to reduce travel demand and D notes the role of efficient and electric vehicles in lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Statement C is incorrect because sustainable transport seeks to reduce dependence on private cars, not increase it. Thus, the correct option is the one that includes A, B and D while excluding C.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it includes all the statements that align with sustainable mobility goals and excludes the one that contradicts them. It recognises demand management, better planning and cleaner technologies as central strategies. By leaving out C, it avoids treating increased car use as an indicator of sustainable transport.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect as it introduces statement C into an otherwise correct pair. Statement C wrongly suggests that sustainable transport policies aim to increase private car use, whereas policy frameworks advocate modal shift away from cars. Including this incorrect statement invalidates the combination.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it groups B, C and D and in doing so accepts C as correct. Although B and D are valid, the presence of C, which misrepresents sustainable transport policy, makes the option unacceptable.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes A, C and D and omits B. While A and D are correct, C is wrong and B is an important correct statement regarding integrated land-use and transport. This mixture of one false and one omitted correct statement means the option cannot be chosen.