Paksha hetu sadhya triad – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E present the standard Nyaya account of the three key elements of inference, whereas D is false. The pakṣa is the locus where something is to be demonstrated, sādhya is the probandum, and hetu is a pervaded sign that must be present in the pakṣa. If hetu fails to be present in the pakṣa, the inference collapses, so D contradicts a basic rule. UGC NET often asks candidates to identify these elements in classical examples, which makes E correct.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits E, ignoring the explicit exam application mentioned in the stem. Although A, B and C are true, A, B, C only does not cover all the correct statements about the topic.

Option B:
Option B is wrong since it leaves out C, which specifies the relation of hetu to sādhya via vyāpti, an essential feature of inferential reasoning. A, B, E only therefore does not fully describe the triad.

Option C:
Option C is correct as it includes all accurate claims about the roles of pakṣa, hetu and sādhya and their importance in UGC NET questions while excluding D, which denies the requirement that hetu be present in the subject. This combination matches standard Indian logic presentations.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it omits A, failing to mention the pakṣa explicitly, and therefore gives only a partial picture. B, C, E only does not satisfy the requirement of listing all correct statements.