UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C, D and F are correct: walking/cycling are NMT; infrastructure encourages use; NMT has no tailpipe emissions; it reduces congestion and improves air/health; and integration with public transport improves mobility. Statement E is false because NMT planning is important in cities across all income levels. Therefore, the correct set is A, B, C, D and F only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it omits F, missing the important role of integrating NMT with public transport for a complete mobility system.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it includes all true statements and excludes only E, which wrongly restricts NMT relevance to low-income countries.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it includes E (false).

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it omits B and A, so it underrepresents both infrastructure and the definition/examples of NMT.

Statements A and B are correct because active transport improves health and transport-related air pollution is linked with respiratory and cardiovascular problems. Statement C is wrong since road design, crossings and traffic calming are crucial for pedestrian and cyclist safety. Statement D is also false as health impact assessments are increasingly used in major transport projects. Therefore, the combination A and B only is the correct answer.

Option A:
Option A is correct since it captures the two accurate statements while excluding C and D, both of which deny established links between planning, safety and health assessments. It reflects the role of both physical activity promotion and pollution control in transport policy.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it adds C to A and B, thereby accepting the claim that road design has no link with safety. This contradicts road safety science and practice, so the option cannot be accepted.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect as it groups B, C and D. While B is true, C and D are false, so this combination mixes correct and incorrect statements and fails to represent the set of correct statements.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it assumes all four statements are correct, thereby endorsing C and D. Since both are wrong, the entire combination becomes invalid.

Statements A, B and D are correct: active transport reduces emissions and improves health, heavy reliance on private vehicles increases multiple problems and mixed land-use planning can shorten trips. Statement C is incorrect because bus rapid transit systems are generally introduced to improve efficiency and reduce emissions per passenger kilometre, not increase them. So the combination A, B and D only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct as it brings together all the true statements while excluding C, which misrepresents the purpose and impact of bus rapid transit. It reflects integrated thinking about transport, environment and health.

Option B:
Option B is incomplete because it omits D, which rightly points to the role of land-use planning in reducing travel distances and emissions.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it includes C, endorsing the false claim that bus rapid transit always raises emissions, contradicting empirical findings from many cities.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as it combines A and D with C, again treating C as correct and leaving out B, which is a key statement about private motorised transport impacts.