Percentages & Discounting – Easy Level Questions – UGC NET Paper 1

Q1): Find 15% of 320.
A) 46
B) 48
C) 50
D) 52

Answer: B) 48

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Use the idea “x% of N = (x/100) × N”.
  • Step 2: Here x = 15 and N = 320.
  • Step 3: Calculate (15/100) × 320 = 0.15 × 320.
  • Step 4: 0.15 × 320 = 48.
  • Final: 15% of 320 is 48, so option B is correct.

Q2): 45 is what percent of 180?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%

Answer: B) 25%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Use “Percent = (Part/Whole) × 100”.
  • Step 2: Part = 45 and Whole = 180.
  • Step 3: Compute (45/180) × 100.
  • Step 4: 45/180 = 1/4 = 0.25, so percent = 0.25 × 100 = 25%.
  • Final: 45 is 25% of 180, so option B is correct.

Q3): A number 200 is increased by 12%. What is the new value?
A) 212
B) 224
C) 228
D) 240

Answer: B) 224

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Increase = 12% of 200.
  • Step 2: 12% of 200 = (12/100) × 200.
  • Step 3: (12/100) × 200 = 24.
  • Step 4: New value = 200 + 24 = 224.
  • Final: The new value is 224, so option B is correct.

Q4): A price ₹750 is decreased by 8%. What is the new price?
A) ₹680
B) ₹690
C) ₹700
D) ₹710

Answer: B) ₹690

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Decrease = 8% of ₹750.
  • Step 2: 8% of 750 = (8/100) × 750.
  • Step 3: (8/100) × 750 = 60.
  • Step 4: New price = 750 − 60 = 690.
  • Final: The new price is ₹690, so option B is correct.

Q5): If 30% of a number is 90, find the number.
A) 270
B) 300
C) 330
D) 360

Answer: B) 300

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Let the number be N.
  • Step 2: Given 30% of N = 90 means (30/100) × N = 90.
  • Step 3: So 0.3N = 90.
  • Step 4: N = 90 ÷ 0.3 = 300.
  • Final: The number is 300, so option B is correct.

Q6): A shirt has marked price ₹800 and discount 20%. Find the selling price.
A) ₹600
B) ₹620
C) ₹640
D) ₹680

Answer: C) ₹640

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Discount = 20% of ₹800.
  • Step 2: 20% of 800 = (20/100) × 800 = 160.
  • Step 3: Selling price = Marked price − Discount.
  • Step 4: SP = 800 − 160 = 640.
  • Final: Selling price is ₹640, so option C is correct.

Q7): Marked price ₹1200, selling price ₹900. What is the discount percent?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%

Answer: B) 25%

Explanation (Line-by-Line):

  • Step 1: Discount = MP − SP = 1200 − 900.
  • Step 2: Discount = 300.
  • Step 3: Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100.
  • Step 4: (300/1200) × 100 = (1/4) × 100 = 25%.
  • Final: Discount is 25%, so option B is correct.

Q8): After 10% discount, a book costs ₹450. What was its marked price?
A) ₹480
B) ₹500
C) ₹520
D) ₹550

Answer: B) ₹500

Explanation:

  • Step 1: After 10% discount, customer pays 90% of MP.
  • Step 2: So 90% of MP = 450 means 0.9 × MP = 450.
  • Step 3: MP = 450 ÷ 0.9.
  • Step 4: 450 ÷ 0.9 = 500.
  • Final: Marked price is ₹500, so option B is correct.

Q9): A gadget priced ₹1000 gets 10% discount and then 20% discount on the reduced price. Find the final price.
A) ₹700
B) ₹720
C) ₹750
D) ₹800

Answer: B) ₹720

Explanation:

  • Step 1: After 10% discount, price becomes 90% of 1000.
  • Step 2: Price after first discount = 0.9 × 1000 = 900.
  • Step 3: Now apply 20% discount on 900, so pay 80% of 900.
  • Step 4: Final price = 0.8 × 900 = 720.
  • Final: Final price is ₹720, so option B is correct.

Q10): Successive discounts are 15% and 10%. What is the equivalent single discount?
A) 22%
B) 23.5%
C) 24.5%
D) 25%

Answer: B) 23.5%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Successive discounts multiply on the remaining price.
  • Step 2: Remaining after 15% = 85% = 0.85.
  • Step 3: Remaining after 10% = 90% = 0.90.
  • Step 4: Combined remaining = 0.85 × 0.90 = 0.765 = 76.5%.
  • Final: Equivalent discount = 100% − 76.5% = 23.5%, so option B is correct.

Q11): Price increases from ₹400 to ₹460. Find the percentage increase.
A) 10%
B) 12%
C) 15%
D) 18%

Answer: C) 15%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Increase = New − Old = 460 − 400.
  • Step 2: Increase = 60.
  • Step 3: Percentage increase = (Increase/Old) × 100.
  • Step 4: (60/400) × 100 = 0.15 × 100 = 15%.
  • Final: Increase is 15%, so option C is correct.

Q12): Price decreases from ₹500 to ₹425. Find the percentage decrease.
A) 10%
B) 12%
C) 15%
D) 18%

Answer: C) 15%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Decrease = Old − New = 500 − 425.
  • Step 2: Decrease = 75.
  • Step 3: Percentage decrease = (Decrease/Old) × 100.
  • Step 4: (75/500) × 100 = 0.15 × 100 = 15%.
  • Final: Decrease is 15%, so option C is correct.

Q13): A student scores 72 out of 80. What is the percentage score?
A) 85%
B) 88%
C) 90%
D) 92%

Answer: C) 90%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Percentage = (Marks obtained/Total marks) × 100.
  • Step 2: Here marks obtained = 72 and total = 80.
  • Step 3: Compute (72/80) × 100.
  • Step 4: 72/80 = 0.9, so percentage = 0.9 × 100 = 90%.
  • Final: Percentage score is 90%, so option C is correct.

Q14): An item has marked price ₹1000. A 5% discount is given, and then a coupon of ₹50 is applied. What is the effective discount percent?
A) 8%
B) 10%
C) 12%
D) 15%

Answer: B) 10%

Explanation:

  • Step 1: First discount = 5% of 1000 = (5/100) × 1000 = 50.
  • Step 2: Price after 5% discount = 1000 − 50 = 950.
  • Step 3: Apply coupon ₹50, final price = 950 − 50 = 900.
  • Step 4: Total reduction = 1000 − 900 = 100.
  • Final: Effective discount% = (100/1000) × 100 = 10%, so option B is correct.

Q15): After 25% discount, the selling price is ₹600. Find the marked price.
A) ₹700
B) ₹750
C) ₹800
D) ₹850

Answer: C) ₹800

Explanation:

  • Step 1: After 25% discount, customer pays 75% of MP.
  • Step 2: So 75% of MP = 600 means 0.75 × MP = 600.
  • Step 3: MP = 600 ÷ 0.75.
  • Step 4: 600 ÷ 0.75 = 800.
  • Final: Marked price is ₹800, so option C is correct.

Q16): A ₹2000 product is discounted by 30% and then by 10% on the reduced price. Find the final price.
A) ₹1200
B) ₹1260
C) ₹1300
D) ₹1400

Answer: B) ₹1260

Explanation:

  • Step 1: After 30% discount, pay 70% of 2000.
  • Step 2: Price after first discount = 0.7 × 2000 = 1400.
  • Step 3: After 10% discount, pay 90% of 1400.
  • Step 4: Final price = 0.9 × 1400 = 1260.
  • Final: Final price is ₹1260, so option B is correct.

Q17): A shop offers 12.5% discount on an item marked ₹1600. What is the selling price?
A) ₹1350
B) ₹1400
C) ₹1450
D) ₹1500

Answer: B) ₹1400

Explanation:

  • Step 1: 12.5% means 12.5/100 = 0.125, which is also 1/8.
  • Step 2: Discount = (1/8) of 1600.
  • Step 3: 1600 ÷ 8 = 200, so discount = 200.
  • Step 4: Selling price = 1600 − 200 = 1400.
  • Final: Selling price is ₹1400, so option B is correct.

Q18): A number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%. What is the net change?
A) No change
B) 4% decrease
C) 4% increase
D) 2% decrease

Answer: B) 4% decrease

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Increase by 20% means multiply by 1.20.
  • Step 2: Decrease by 20% means multiply by 0.80.
  • Step 3: Net factor = 1.20 × 0.80 = 0.96.
  • Step 4: 0.96 means the final is 96% of the original.
  • Final: Net change = 100% − 96% = 4% decrease, so option B is correct.

Q19): If 60% of a number is equal to 3/5 of 250, find the number.
A) 200
B) 225
C) 250
D) 300

Answer: C) 250

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Compute 3/5 of 250 first.
  • Step 2: (3/5) × 250 = 150.
  • Step 3: Given 60% of N = 150 means 0.6N = 150.
  • Step 4: N = 150 ÷ 0.6 = 250.
  • Final: The number is 250, so option C is correct.

Q20): A TV has marked price ₹25,000 and discount 8%. Find the selling price.
A) ₹22,000
B) ₹23,000
C) ₹23,500
D) ₹24,000

Answer: B) ₹23,000

Explanation:

  • Step 1: Discount = 8% of 25,000.
  • Step 2: 8% of 25,000 = (8/100) × 25,000.
  • Step 3: (8/100) × 25,000 = 2,000.
  • Step 4: Selling price = 25,000 − 2,000 = 23,000.
  • Final: Selling price is ₹23,000, so option B is correct.

This Tutorial is Related to: Aptitude Practice, Discount Mcqs, Easy Level, Marked Price And Selling Price, Math Reasoning, Percentage Increase Decrease, Percentage Mcqs, Percentages &Amp; Discounting, Percentages &Amp; Discounting Questions, Successive Discount, Ugc Net Paper 1, Unit 5

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