UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

In the Mode 1–Mode 2 framework, Mode 1 denotes conventional disciplinary research carried out largely in universities and driven by academic curiosity. The stem clearly describes this traditional pattern, so the correct number to complete the term is “1.”

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because “Mode 0” is not part of this established classification in the literature.

Option B:
Option B is correct as Mode 1 is the recognised label for university-based, discipline-bound knowledge production governed by academic norms.

Option C:
Option C is wrong since Mode 2 refers to transdisciplinary, application-oriented research conducted in heterogeneous contexts, not to the traditional university model in the stem.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because “4” likewise has no recognised meaning in this particular framework of knowledge modes.

In the Mode 1–Mode 2 framework, Mode 1 denotes traditional, discipline-based research carried out largely in universities and guided by academic norms of peer review and scholarly communities. The stem clearly describes this type of research, so the correct number is “1.”

Option A:
Option A is correct because Mode 1 is the established label for conventional academic knowledge production, as opposed to Mode 2’s more transdisciplinary, application-oriented research.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since Mode 2 refers to problem-oriented, socially distributed research, not to the traditional university-centred model given in the question.

Option C:
Option C is wrong because “0” is not part of the Mode 1–Mode 2 terminology in this framework.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as “4” likewise has no recognised meaning in this classification of knowledge production modes.