Rural sanitation and environmental health – UGC NET Question

Statements C and D are wrong, whereas A and B are correct. C is incorrect because behaviour change and community-led approaches are central to successful sanitation programmes. D is also false since toilets without water, safe containment and waste management do not ensure safe sanitation. Therefore, the wrong statements are C and D only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it identifies A only as wrong, but A is actually true; open defecation is a recognised cause of faecal contamination of the environment. Misclassifying a correct statement as wrong leads to an incorrect option.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since it treats both A and B as wrong. Statement B is true as unmanaged solid waste attracts vectors, and A is also true. Including true statements as wrong contradicts the question.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it groups A, B and C as wrong. While C is indeed wrong, A and B are correct, so this combination mislabels two accurate statements and cannot be accepted.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it identifies exactly the two wrong statements (C and D) and excludes the true statements (A and B).