Jnanalaksana memory based perception – UGC NET Question

Jnanalaksana pratyaksha occurs when the residual impression of an earlier cognition serves as the medium for current awareness. For example, recognising fire by seeing only its light after previously perceiving both flame and heat exemplifies this type. The new cognition is still treated as perceptual, but it is mediated by memory traces rather than by complete present sense contact. Thus the form of perception in the stem is jnanalaksana pratyaksha.

Option A:
Option A, yogaja, refers to perception produced by yogic concentration and is defined primarily by its origin in spiritual practice, not by dependence on previous ordinary cognitions.

Option B:
Option B is correct because jnanalaksana literally indicates that a cognition is the "mark" through which an object is perceived, emphasising the role of prior awareness as an intermediary. Nyaya uses this category to handle subtle cases of perception that are not strictly immediate.

Option C:
Option C, samanyalaksana, deals with perception of universals through multiple particulars and does not describe cases where a single earlier cognition conditions a later awareness.

Option D:
Option D, alaukika, is the broad class of extraordinary perceptions and includes jnanalaksana but does not specifically name this memory-mediated subtype.