HDI core dimensions – UGC NET Question

HDI is designed to move beyond income alone and capture key aspects of human well-being. It uses life expectancy to represent health, indicators of schooling to represent education and per capita income to represent command over resources. These three together give a composite picture of human development achievements. Thus, the option listing life expectancy, education and standard of living is conceptually correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it lists the three standard dimensions of HDI: health, education and income. It shows that development is about people’s capabilities, not just economic output.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because export growth, military strength and reserves are macro-economic or political indicators, not direct measures of human development.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect as physical size, population and road length say little about how well people live; countries can be small but highly developed or large but poorly developed.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect since the number of factories or financial institutions does not automatically reflect improvements in life expectancy, education or living standards for all citizens.