Global environmental summits and agreements – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C, D and F are correct because they summarise key milestones in environmental diplomacy and note that review conferences revisit and strengthen commitments. Statement E is false, since global summits influence domestic policies, legislation and institutions through norms and obligations. Therefore, the combination including A, B, C, D and F while excluding E is correct.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect as it omits F and thus fails to recognise the importance of periodic review and enhancement of commitments, which is central to many multilateral environmental agreements.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes E, which wrongly asserts that summits do not shape national policy, despite clear evidence of domestic reforms following major conferences.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it leaves out A and therefore ignores the historical role of the Stockholm Conference in putting environment on the global agenda.

Option D:
Option D is correct as it presents a coherent historical and institutional picture of how summits and agreements operate and evolve, while rejecting the idea that they have no policy influence.