Basic probability conceptual rules – UGC NET Question

Statements C and E are the wrong statements here. A is correct because probabilities range from 0 to 1. B is true since probabilities of all mutually exclusive and exhaustive outcomes sum to 1. D correctly states that a certain event has probability 1. C is false because 0.7 indicates a more likely event than 0.4. E is false because P(A ∪ B) equals P(A) + P(B) only when A and B are mutually exclusive; otherwise the intersection must be subtracted. Therefore, the wrong statements are C and E only.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it selects only C as wrong and ignores E, which misapplies the addition rule for probabilities of unions.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it identifies both C and E as incorrect, thereby recognising that both comparative likelihood and union probabilities are mishandled in those statements.

Option C:
Option C is wrong since it mislabels A as wrong, even though A accurately describes the probability range, and still keeps C and E, mixing correct and incorrect judgments.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it classifies B and D as wrong despite them stating fundamental probability principles, and it omits E, which actually contains an error about unions.