Adaptation spending rise – UGC NET Question

The rise in adaptation expenditure as a share of GDP shows that sectors like agriculture, water, infrastructure and social protection are being redesigned with climate risks in mind. It means that resilience building is now treated as part of normal development planning rather than an add-on. The Survey also notes that much of this spending comes from domestic public resources, underlining India’s argument that it is already investing heavily in adaptation while international finance remains inadequate. (India Budget)

Option A:
This option is incorrect because a higher share of GDP devoted to adaptation indicates greater, not lesser, importance given to resilience.

Option B:
This option correctly interprets the data as evidence of mainstreaming and highlights the burden placed on domestic finances in a climate-vulnerable developing country.

Option C:
Net-zero emissions relate to the balance between total emissions and removals; they cannot be inferred simply from adaptation spending figures.

Option D:
Modern adaptation includes proactive investments such as resilient infrastructure and early-warning systems, not only post-disaster relief; therefore this option narrows the concept incorrectly.