UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

The AR6 Synthesis explains that climate-resilient development means integrating climate actions with broader development goals. It highlights that mitigation, adaptation, poverty reduction and equity must be pursued together, especially in rapidly growing countries. When policies are aligned, they can create co-benefits such as cleaner air, safer cities and more resilient livelihoods. If they are planned in isolation, they can miss opportunities or even create new vulnerabilities.

Option A:
This option is incomplete because it suggests waiting until after development to act on mitigation. The report stresses that early climate action is part of development, not something to be postponed. Therefore, it does not capture the integrated nature of climate-resilient development.

Option B:
This option correctly conveys that mitigation, adaptation and development should be planned together to support each other. It also notes the importance of reducing poverty and inequality, which the report treats as central to resilience. That makes it the best reflection of the AR6 framing.

Option C:
This option separates climate policy from development and social concerns, which is the opposite of the IPCC message. The report repeatedly states that siloed approaches are less effective and can undermine resilience. Hence, this option is not appropriate.

Option D:
This option ignores the strong emphasis AR6 places on adaptation alongside mitigation. The report shows that adaptation is vital for managing near-term risks, especially for vulnerable people. So abandoning adaptation is not suggested anywhere and makes this option wrong.

The rise in adaptation expenditure as a share of GDP shows that sectors like agriculture, water, infrastructure and social protection are being redesigned with climate risks in mind. It means that resilience building is now treated as part of normal development planning rather than an add-on. The Survey also notes that much of this spending comes from domestic public resources, underlining India’s argument that it is already investing heavily in adaptation while international finance remains inadequate. (India Budget)

Option A:
This option is incorrect because a higher share of GDP devoted to adaptation indicates greater, not lesser, importance given to resilience.

Option B:
This option correctly interprets the data as evidence of mainstreaming and highlights the burden placed on domestic finances in a climate-vulnerable developing country.

Option C:
Net-zero emissions relate to the balance between total emissions and removals; they cannot be inferred simply from adaptation spending figures.

Option D:
Modern adaptation includes proactive investments such as resilient infrastructure and early-warning systems, not only post-disaster relief; therefore this option narrows the concept incorrectly.