UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

When large volumes of water are applied to fields without adequate drainage, the water table can rise towards the surface. In arid areas, this stagnant water evaporates, leaving dissolved salts behind in the root zone. Over time, soils become waterlogged and saline, reducing crop yields and sometimes rendering land unproductive.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because good drainage and careful scheduling are management practices designed to prevent waterlogging and salinisation, not cause them.

Option B:
Option B is correct since it describes the combination of excessive irrigation and insufficient drainage that underlies many salinity problems in canal command areas.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since rainfed farming in humid regions rarely produces irrigation-induced salinity; abundant rainfall and leaching tend to move salts downward.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as salt-tolerant crops and efficient water use are strategies to cope with or prevent salinity, not to create it.