UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and D represent commonly used collaborative research practices supported by ICT, while C is false. Shared online editors, version control repositories and collaboration platforms all facilitate co-authorship and joint data analysis. Reference managers can in fact be used by groups for shared libraries, so the restriction in C is incorrect. Hence, the combination including A, B and D but not C is the only fully correct option.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it mentions only A and B and leaves out D. While co-authoring and version control are central, ignoring shared datasets and protocol repositories underestimates how deeply ICT supports collaborative workflows.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it captures textual collaboration, change tracking and broader sharing of research artefacts. It explicitly rejects C, which ignores team-oriented features in many reference management tools.

Option C:
Option C is incomplete because it groups B and D only and omits A. Statement A concerns direct manuscript collaboration, which is a highly visible application of cloud editing tools in research communities.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes A and D but also accepts C. Since C wrongly denies team use of reference managers, this combination cannot be considered correct even though two of its statements are accurate.

Statements A, B, D and E outline common ICT support for research. Reference managers handle citations, spreadsheets and statistics software analyse quantitatively, online surveys gather data and cloud storage supports collaboration. Statement C is false because qualitative analysis software exists, and F is false because backups remain critical regardless of tools used. Therefore A, B, D and E only are correct.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits E and so does not mention the collaborative benefit of cloud storage for research teams. A, B and D are true but the set is not comprehensive.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it adds F, which wrongly suggests that backups are unnecessary when using ICT. This contradicts best practices in research data management, making the option invalid.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it leaves out A and includes only B, D and E. Without A, the role of reference management software is not represented, so the combination does not contain all correct statements.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it groups citation management, analysis tools, survey platforms and shared storage as essential ICT supports in research, while rejecting misconceptions about qualitative tools and backup needs.

Statements A, B and C collectively describe major ICT tools that support research quality, while D is overly optimistic and false. Databases widen access to literature, reference managers reduce citation errors and detection tools highlight suspicious similarities. However, these tools cannot replace careful ethical practice and rigorous methodology, so D cannot be accepted. Thus, the combination A, B and C only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it includes A and B but omits C. While discovery and referencing are vital, plagiarism detection systems also play an important role in maintaining academic integrity. Leaving out C makes the answer partial.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it combines all three accurate statements and excludes the unrealistic claim in D. It acknowledges that ICT supports, but does not automatically ensure, ethical and error-free research.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it groups A, C and D as correct statements and therefore accepts D. Since D suggests that mere use of ICT guarantees perfect research practice, this option conflicts with real-world limitations.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it treats B, C and D as correct, ignoring A. It also accepts D, which overstates the power of ICT and neglects the ongoing need for researcher judgement.