UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Formal communication uses officially designated channels and procedures in an organisation. A circular issued by the principal to teachers is an authorised document that follows established lines of authority. It becomes part of the institutional record. Hence,the stem clearly refers to formal communication.

Option A:
Informal communication occurs through personal contacts and conversations without official sanction,such as chatting in the staff room. While such talk may spread news,it is not the same as an official circular.

Option B:
Formal channels are structured and documented,ensuring accountability and clarity,which matches the nature of an official circular,so option B is correct.

Option C:
Lateral communication usually takes place between persons of the same level,such as between two heads of department,rather than from principal to all teachers in a directive form.

Option D:
Grapevine is the informal network of rumours and unofficial messages,and is not the process used for issuing a formal circular.

Formal communication follows authorised organisational channels and uses officially recognised formats. University circulars about exam schedules are written documents issued through the administrative hierarchy. They therefore represent formal communication. Such messages are recorded and binding.

Option A:
Informal communication occurs through casual conversations and personal contacts,not official circulars.

Option B:
Formal communication uses official channels,standard formats and authorised messages,which is exactly what university circulars are.

Option C:
Grapevine communication is unofficial and may carry rumours rather than approved information.

Option D:
Mass communication addresses the general public via media,while circulars are internal institutional messages.