UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C and D give standard first-order logical translations of everyday sentences. A correctly uses a universal conditional for “all teachers are researchers”. B uses an existential statement with a conjunction for “some students are hardworking”. C appropriately translates “no books are boring” as a universal statement with a negated predicate. D is correct for “some teachers are not researchers” using an existential with a conjunction of teacher and not researcher. E is false because a universal statement does not, by itself, guarantee existence in formal logic, so A, B, C and D only are correct.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete since it omits D and therefore fails to include the important pattern for expressing “some S are not P” in quantifier form. Without D, the range of translation patterns is narrower than NET questions usually expect.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it gathers all four accurate translations and excludes E, which misinterprets what can be inferred from a universal statement alone. It reflects the standard mapping from natural language to quantified logic.

Option C:
Option C is wrong because it leaves out B, ignoring the existential construction for “some students are hardworking”, and still does not address E’s incorrect existential inference. As a result, it is not fully correct.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect since it includes E, which claims existence from a universal statement, an inference that is not valid in general first-order semantics, and also omits A, missing the core universal conditional pattern.