UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Adaptation consists of adjustments that reduce damage or increase resilience to the impacts of climate change. Building infrastructure designed to withstand coastal flooding and storm surges, together with effective early warning systems, helps communities live with sea-level rise and more intense storms.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because switching from coal to solar primarily reduces emissions and is therefore a mitigation measure.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect; better fuel efficiency lowers greenhouse gas emissions from transport and is also mitigation.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since a carbon tax is a policy instrument intended to reduce fossil fuel use and emissions, again falling under mitigation.

Option D:
Option D is correct as it focuses on coping with and reducing vulnerability to climate impacts, which is the essence of adaptation.