UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C, E and F are correct, whereas D is false. Svarthānumāna is an internal inference process for oneself, while parārthānumāna is the externally presented inference to persuade others. The five-member Nyaya syllogism exemplifies parārthānumāna, and its clear stages help an audience track the reasoning, which is why UGC NET can test identification of these steps. D is wrong because svarthānumāna does not require verbal expression of all five members; the inferential process may remain implicit in the thinker’s mind. Thus A, B, C, E and F only is the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it includes all the true statements about the distinction between private and public inference while excluding D, which overstates the formality required in svarthānumāna. It reflects both the theoretical framework and its examination relevance. Therefore it is the best answer.

Option B:
Option B is incomplete as it omits F, ignoring the exam-oriented point that candidates may be asked to map sentences to steps of the Nyaya syllogism. Although A, B, C and E are true, leaving out F makes the combination less aligned with UGC NET practice. Hence it cannot be accepted.

Option C:
Option C is wrong because it omits A and includes only B, C, E and F. Without A, the nature of svarthānumāna as personal inference is not mentioned, which weakens the conceptual contrast. Thus B, C, E and F only does not represent all correct statements.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect since it accepts D, which incorrectly demands verbalisation of all five members in svarthānumāna, and omits B. This reverses the distinction between inner and outer inference and distorts the Nyaya account. Therefore A, C, D, E and F only cannot be chosen.