UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements D and E are wrong, while A, B, C and F are correct. A and B correctly describe the truth conditions for conjunction and inclusive disjunction, and C accurately symbolises the exclusive “either–or”. F is true because truth tables are standard tools for checking validity. D mistakenly describes a tautology instead of a contradiction, and E wrongly describes the condition for a contingent statement rather than a tautology, so these two are the wrong statements.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it singles out only D as wrong and ignores E, which also misrepresents the definition of a tautology. Since both D and E give inverted definitions, treating only one of them as wrong undercounts the errors. Therefore this option does not match the full set of wrong statements.

Option B:
Option B is also incomplete, as it selects only E and ignores D. D is clearly false because a contradiction is never true in any assignment, not always true. By failing to include D, this option again fails to capture all wrong statements listed.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it groups exactly D and E, the two statements that invert the standard meanings of contradiction and tautology. It leaves A, B, C and F untouched, all of which correctly describe truth-functional connectives and the use of truth tables. This combination therefore matches the required set of wrong statements.

Option D:
Option D is wrong because it adds B, which is a correct description of inclusive disjunction, to the set of wrong statements. B rightly states that “p or q” is false only when both p and q are false. Including B beside the genuinely wrong D and E makes the option logically inconsistent.

Statements A, C, D and E correctly describe how “and”, “or” and “unless” are typically handled in reasoning questions, whereas B and F are false. Conjunction requires both parts to be true, and “or” is usually read inclusively unless there is strong contextual pressure otherwise. “P unless q” is standardly taken as “if not q then p”, and misreading these connectives often leads to wrong options being chosen. B incorrectly makes “or” always exclusive, and F ignores the interpretative work needed when mapping language to logic. Therefore A, C, D and E only is the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits D and E, leaving out both the usual translation of “unless” and the warning about misinterpretation. While A and C are true, they do not capture the full complexity of how connectives work in questions. Thus this option is not sufficient.

Option B:
Option B is also incomplete, as it fails to include E and therefore misses the explicit link between misreading connectives and exam errors. A, C and D are correct but do not mention the consequences of misinterpretation. Hence this option cannot be accepted.

Option C:
Option C is wrong since it omits A and includes only C, D and E. Without A, the basic treatment of “and” is missing, which is a key connective in reasoning. The omission makes the description of connectives less complete.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it gathers all relevant true statements about the interpretation of these connectives while excluding B and F, which exaggerate exclusivity and perfect matching between language and logic. It thus matches both logical theory and exam practice.