UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C and E capture the practical, cyclical and developmental nature of action research. It is carried out in the teacher’s own setting to solve immediate problems, uses a cycle of planning, action, observation and reflection, and supports professional growth and sharing of insights with colleagues. Statement D is false because action research is usually context-specific and does not necessarily seek grand universal theories. Therefore, the combination that includes A, B, C and E and excludes D is the only completely correct set.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it omits statement E, which rightly points out that sharing action research findings can improve institutional practices. Leaving out E underestimates the collaborative and school-improvement potential of action research. Although A, B and C are true, the set is incomplete.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it includes all four true statements A, B, C and E while excluding D, which wrongly claims that action research must pursue universal theory. This option reflects the local, problem-focused and reflective character of teacher action research.

Option C:
Option C is wrong because it includes statement D, which misrepresents the aims of action research, and excludes A, which correctly notes the focus on immediate contextual problems. Mixing a false statement with some true ones means this option cannot be accepted.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it again incorporates D, the false statement about universal theories, and also omits B, which is important for describing the cyclic nature of action research. As a result, the combination is both conceptually and descriptively flawed.