UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

When the focus is on developing understanding, attitudes and higher-order skills, the process corresponds to the broader concept of teaching. Teaching encompasses cognitive, affective and psychomotor development rather than just skill practice. It encourages critical thinking and values clarification alongside knowledge acquisition. Hence, the situation described in the stem is best labelled as teaching.

Option A:
Training typically emphasizes the acquisition of specific practical skills needed for particular tasks or jobs. It often focuses on routine performance and correct procedures more than on conceptual understanding or value formation. Therefore, while training is important, it does not fully capture the broader educational aims described in the question.

Option B:
Teaching, especially in the context of general education, addresses understanding, attitudes and complex thinking abilities. It integrates discussions, reflection and problem-solving to shape the whole personality of the learner. Because the stem highlights these elements rather than mechanical practice, this option most accurately names the process.

Option C:
Drilling refers to repetitive practice of the same type of exercise, usually to build speed and accuracy. It rarely involves questioning assumptions or exploring underlying principles. Consequently, it does not align with a process aimed at higher-order skills and attitudinal change.

Option D:
Indoctrination is concerned with imposing a fixed set of beliefs without encouraging critical examination or alternative viewpoints. This approach suppresses higher-order thinking instead of developing it. Hence, it is opposite in spirit to the kind of educational process described in the stem.