Q: Which of the following statements about the Buddhist trairūpya (three marks of a valid reason) are correct?
(A) The hetu must be present in the pakṣa (subject of inference);
(B) The hetu must be present in all sapakṣa cases where the sādhya is present;
(C) The hetu must be absent in all vipakṣa cases where the sādhya is absent;
(D) The hetu may freely occur in vipakṣa cases without affecting validity;
(E) UGC NET questions on Indian logic may test recognition of these three conditions in examples;
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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