UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, D and E are correct on integration, SDG 13, SDG 12 and partnerships. Statement C is wrong because many other SDGs include environmental targets. Statement F is wrong because monitoring is essential. Therefore A, B, D and E only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct and excludes C and F.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes C (false).

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it includes F (false) and omits A.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes F (false) and omits B.

Statements A, C, D and F are correct because they emphasise interconnections among sectors, water dependence of energy production, the value of integrated planning and the cross-sector effects of demand and efficiency measures. Statement B is wrong since irrigation pumps and water conveyance can significantly increase energy use, and E is wrong because SDGs explicitly require integrated approaches across water, energy and food. Thus, the correct combination is A, C, D and F only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect as it omits F, overlooking how demand management or efficiency in one sector can relieve pressure in the others. Without F, the answer underplays practical levers for improving nexus outcomes.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes B and excludes F. Accepting B ignores well-known links between irrigation expansion and energy demand, while dropping F removes an important strategy for reducing pressures.

Option C:
Option C is correct as it encompasses all the true statements about linkages, dependencies, planning and efficiency while rejecting B and E, which deny key aspects of the nexus and its relevance to SDGs.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect since it includes B and E, placing two clearly false statements alongside some true ones. It also omits A, ignoring the basic premise of interconnection central to the nexus concept.

Statements A, B, E and F are correct because they reflect the core ideas and institutional features of the SDG framework. Sustainable development is commonly framed as a balance of economic, social and environmental pillars, while the SDGs explicitly cover poverty, health, education and environmental goals. The agenda highlights multi-stakeholder partnerships and regular review processes at national and global levels. Statements C and D are incorrect because inter-generational equity is central to sustainable development and the SDGs are universal, applying to all countries.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it selects exactly those statements that align with the official formulation of the SDGs and sustainable development. It includes the three-pillar balance, the breadth of SDG goals, the role of partnerships and the monitoring architecture. At the same time, it excludes C and D, which misrepresent equity and universality in the SDG agenda.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it adds C, a statement that claims sustainable development must ignore inter-generational equity. This contradicts the widely cited definition that explicitly stresses meeting present needs without compromising future generations. Including C means this combination cannot represent the correct set of statements.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect as it includes D, which wrongly asserts that SDGs apply only to developing countries, and it omits E and F. By excluding the partnership and review elements, it ignores key implementation pillars while also accepting a false statement about SDG coverage.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it contains D as well as B, E and F. While B, E and F are true, accepting D would mean treating SDGs as non-universal, which is inconsistent with the global nature of the 2030 Agenda. Therefore, this option mixes correct and incorrect statements.