UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Sapaksha consists of positive instances that share both the hetu and the sadhya with the paksha. These examples support the claim that wherever the hetu is found, the sadhya is also present. They thus help establish vyapti by showing similar cases. Therefore the class of instances described in the stem is called sapaksha.

Option A:
Option A, vipaksha, is the class of negative instances where the sadhya is absent. For a proper vyapti, the hetu should also be absent there. This contrasts with sapaksha and so does not match the description.

Option B:
Option B correctly names sapaksha as the set of similar cases that exhibit both the reason and the property to be proved. Such cases strengthen the inferential link between hetu and sadhya. Hence sapaksha is the best answer.

Option C:
Option C, paksha, refers to the specific subject under consideration, not to a class of supporting examples. It is one locus of inference rather than many instances. Therefore paksha is not suitable here.

Option D:
Option D, vyapti, is the universal concomitance relation itself, not the collection of examples that illustrate it. While sapaksha helps in knowing vyapti, it is conceptually distinct. Thus vyapti is not correct.