A discount of 10% on a marked price of ₹500 means that the reduction is 10% of 500. Ten percent of 500 is (10 ÷ 100) × 500 = 50. Subtracting this discount from the marked price gives a selling price of 500 − 50 = ₹450. Thus, the buyer pays ₹450 after the discount is applied.
Option A:
Option A, ₹450, follows directly from the definition of a 10% discount by subtracting ₹50 from the marked price. It respects both the percentage calculation and the link between discount and final selling price, giving a numerically consistent result.
Option B:
Option B, ₹400, would correspond to a discount of ₹100, which is 20% of 500 rather than 10%. This doubles the intended reduction and does not match the conditions given in the question.
Option C:
Option C, ₹480, would represent a discount of only ₹20, which is 4% of 500 and therefore too small compared to the required 10%. It underestimates the discount rate.
Option D:
Option D, ₹460, corresponds to a discount of ₹40, or 8%, which again does not equal the specified discount rate of 10% on the marked price.
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