UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

The Chipko movement emerged when villagers,especially women,physically embraced trees to stop commercial logging in their forests. Their main objective was to prevent the felling of trees and resulting deforestation. The stem directly mentions hugging trees to prevent an activity,which clearly refers to deforestation. Thus Option A correctly captures the focus of the movement.

Option A:
Deforestation threatens soil stability,water availability and local livelihoods in mountain regions. Chipko activists highlighted these dangers and demanded community rights over forests.

Option B:
Urbanisation is the growth of towns and cities and was not the direct target of Chipko protests,which focused on forest logging.

Option C:
Coal mining is a different environmental issue; Chipko is historically linked with stopping tree felling in Himalayan forests.

Option D:
River pollution is important but Chipko is chiefly associated with forest conservation via preventing logging,not river pollution campaigns.