UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

The integrated view recognises that economic processes, social relations and ecological systems are deeply interdependent. It argues that genuine development must improve people’s lives and reduce inequalities without overshooting planetary boundaries. This perspective supports strategies that link poverty reduction, participation, gender equality and environmental stewardship as mutually reinforcing objectives rather than separate agendas.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because focusing only on GDP misses critical dimensions of development such as health, education, equity and environmental sustainability.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since many examples show that well-designed policies can simultaneously advance human welfare and environmental protection, for instance through sustainable agriculture or renewable energy.

Option C:
Option C is correct as it encapsulates the idea of people-centred, ecologically sound development and explicitly mentions social justice and ecological limits, which are key themes in this unit.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because environmental issues inherently involve value choices, distributional conflicts and ethical questions, not just scientific facts.