Horizontal communication occurs between individuals at the same hierarchical level,usually to coordinate work and share information. Faculty members of the same department generally have similar status. When they coordinate lesson plans,they interact laterally,so the communication is horizontal.
Option A:
Upward communication would involve sending reports or suggestions to higher authorities.
Option B:
Downward communication refers to orders or notices from superiors to subordinates.
Option C:
Horizontal communication is lateral peer-to-peer coordination at the same level,which is exactly what faculty lesson-planning involves.
Option D:
External communication occurs between the institution and outside agencies,not within the department.
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