UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C and D distinguish sampling error from non-sampling error, and F highlights a way to reduce some non-sampling problems. A is true because sampling error results from studying only a subset, while B correctly notes that poor instruments create non-sampling error. C is accurate in classifying non-response bias as a non-sampling error, and D correctly observes that larger samples usually reduce sampling error. F is also true since properly trained field staff can lower interviewer and recording errors, whereas E is false because random sampling addresses sampling error, not all forms of non-sampling error.

Option A:
Option A ignores statement F, which draws attention to practical steps for reducing non-sampling error through training. While A, B, C and D are correct, the omission of F makes the description less complete in terms of remedies. Thus, this option is not fully correct.

Option B:
Option B adds statement E, falsely claiming that non-sampling errors can be entirely removed by random sampling. Random sampling influences only sampling error; measurement, non-response and recording errors can still occur. Because it includes a false statement, this option is invalid.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it lists A, B, C, D and F, capturing both definitions and some methods for error reduction. It properly excludes E, which overstates the power of random sampling. Therefore, this combination contains all and only the true statements.

Option D:
Option D omits statement A and includes E, thereby losing the basic definition of sampling error and adding an incorrect assertion. This combination confuses the distinction between error types and cannot be accepted.