UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

The sustainable livelihood approach looks at how people use various assets such as natural, human, social and financial capital to make a living. It stresses resilience to shocks, diversification of income and conservation of the resource base. The goal is to enable poor households to secure better livelihoods in a way that is environmentally sustainable. Therefore, the option highlighting assets, capabilities and non-degrading use of resources is correct.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because short-term food aid, while important in emergencies, does not build long-term livelihood security. It addresses symptoms rather than underlying vulnerability.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it captures the central ideas of building assets and coping capacity while protecting the environment. This long-term view is central to sustainable livelihoods thinking.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since mass migration can increase urban stress and does not automatically create sustainable livelihoods. It may shift poverty from rural to urban areas.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because reliance on a single cash crop can increase risk and degrade soils. Sustainable livelihoods usually promote diversification and resource-conserving practices.