Venn diagrams in syllogistic reasoning – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E accurately describe the standard use of Venn diagrams in testing categorical syllogisms, while D and F are false. Each circle stands for a term, shading shows emptiness and an “×” marks possible existence. The usual procedure is to diagram the premises first and then see whether the conclusion is already represented. F is wrong because Paper 1 typically uses up to three circles, not four or more, and D reverses the normal order of steps.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits E, which states the crucial condition for recognising validity from a Venn diagram. Without E, the answer does not say how the diagrams are actually used to test arguments. Therefore A, B and C only is not fully adequate.

Option B:
Option B is wrong since it leaves out B and adds only A, C and E. Without B, the meaning of shading is not explicitly stated, yet this is essential for interpreting the diagrams correctly. The omission means the option does not cover all correct statements.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it brings together the descriptions of symbols (shading and “×”) with the explanation of how premises and conclusions are related in the method. It excludes D and F, which misdescribe the order of representation and the typical number of circles. Hence this combination matches the approach expected in UGC NET.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as it includes F, incorrectly suggesting that four-term diagrams are standard, and omits A, so the basic representation of each term by a circle is not even mentioned. This mix of error and omission makes B, C, E and F only an unsuitable answer.