Urbanisation environmental impacts – UGC NET Question

Rapid, unplanned urbanisation typically overloads infrastructure and services, creating high pressures on air, water and land that manifest as pollution, congestion and slum formation.

Option A:
Incorrect; air quality usually deteriorates rather than uniformly improving when urban growth is unplanned.

Option B:
Incorrect; per capita waste generation tends to increase with urban incomes and consumption, straining waste management systems.

Option C:
Correct; it summarises the typical environmental and social stresses—pollution and slum growth—associated with uncontrolled urban expansion.

Option D:
Incorrect; wetlands and green spaces are often encroached upon or degraded rather than automatically restored.