UN high seas biodiversity treaty – UGC NET Question

The BBNJ treaty fills a major gap in ocean governance by providing a framework to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. A core part of the agreement is a mechanism to identify, establish and manage marine protected areas and other area-based measures on the high seas. These tools are intended to protect vulnerable ecosystems, migratory species and key ecological processes. The treaty also addresses environmental impact assessments and capacity building for developing countries.

Option A:
This option is incorrect because the treaty does not simply open the door to unrestricted deep-sea mining. Instead, it emphasises conservation and careful assessment of human activities.

Option B:
This option correctly highlights the treaty’s focus on creating and managing high seas protected areas and similar tools. It reflects the central conservation objective of the agreement.

Option C:
The treaty does not abolish regional fisheries bodies; rather, it is designed to work alongside existing institutions. Removing them would undermine current management arrangements.

Option D:
Ownership of high seas resources remains governed by international law principles such as the common heritage of humankind; the treaty does not hand them to a few large economies.