Types and effects of noise in communication – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E are correct, while D and F are incorrect. Physical noise does include external sounds that disturb hearing, psychological noise covers inner states like anxiety or bias, and semantic noise is linked to confusing meanings of words. Technological failure in an online class acts like physical or technical noise because it blocks the signal. Noise can affect both senders and receivers, and its presence does not make communication completely impossible, it only makes it more difficult. Therefore the correct set of statements is A, B, C and E.

Option A:
Option A is wrong because it omits E, ignoring the fact that technological breakdown is also a form of noise that disrupts communication. Although A, B and C are true, leaving out E means the option does not include all the correct statements. By capturing only part of the true set, A, B and C only cannot be accepted as the correct answer.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it includes all four true statements and excludes D and F, which misrepresent how noise operates. It acknowledges physical, psychological and semantic noise as well as technical breakdowns, giving a comprehensive picture of noise in educational communication. Since it does not treat the false statements as correct, this option matches the required set exactly.

Option C:
Option C incorrectly adds F to the otherwise correct group of A, B, C and E. F exaggerates by claiming that communication is always impossible when noise exists, which is not true because teachers and students often compensate. Including F makes this combination broader than the actual set of correct statements and therefore invalid. For this reason A, B, C, E and F only cannot be the correct answer.

Option D:
Option D is wrong because it treats C, D, E and F as correct and leaves out A and B, two basic statements about physical and psychological noise. It also includes both D and F, which wrongly claim that only senders are affected and that communication becomes impossible. This mixture of omissions and errors makes the option inconsistent with communication theory.