Svarthānumāna and parārthānumāna – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B and C accurately distinguish inference for oneself from inference for others and describe the role of vyāpti illustration. E is also true, since UGC NET includes questions on these modes. D is false because Nyaya clearly accepts svārthānumāna as genuine internal inference. F is false because the canonical parārthānumāna has five members, not merely three. Therefore A, B, C and E only is the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete as it omits E, failing to mention that exams explicitly test this distinction. While A, B and C are true, they do not cover the full scope of the question.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it adds D, which misrepresents Nyaya’s position on svārthānumāna as if it were denied. This contradicts the standard account and makes the combination false.

Option C:
Option C is wrong since it includes F, which claims that parārthānumāna always has exactly three members, and it omits A, losing the definition of svārthānumāna. This mix of omission and error prevents the option from being correct.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it gathers all the true statements and excludes the two false claims about Nyaya’s denial of internal inference and the three-member limitation. It matches the syllabus level treatment of Indian inference.