Sustainable cities and SDG eleven – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, D and E are correct because SDG 11 explicitly frames cities as inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, includes housing and services, addresses disaster risk and resilience, and mentions cultural and natural heritage. C is wrong since sustainable cities agendas go far beyond transport, and F is wrong because indicators and monitoring are essential tools for planning and accountability. Hence, the correct combination is A, B, D and E only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect as it omits D and E, thus overlooking resilience and heritage protection, which are explicitly referenced in SDG 11. It reduces the agenda largely to overall framing and housing without key thematic sub-goals.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it collects all the true statements about SDG 11’s aims, targets and themes, and excludes C and F, which minimise or misrepresent the scope and governance needs of sustainable cities.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it includes C, which wrongly confines policy to transport, even though SDG 11 clearly spans housing, services, heritage and resilience. Including C means the option cannot be fully correct.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as it accepts F, which dismisses the importance of monitoring, while excluding A. Dropping the overall aim of SDG 11 and accepting a statement that undermines evidence-based planning makes this combination conceptually unsound.