Redundancy vs noise distinction – UGC NET Question

Redundancy means repeating or adding cues to a message to make it more robust and easier to understand. Repeating an instruction slowly and clearly helps students catch details they may have missed earlier. This does not distort the message but reinforces it,so it is redundancy.

Option A:
Noise is unwanted interference that hides or distorts the message,which repetition in clear form is trying to overcome.

Option B:
Distortion would change the meaning of the instruction,which is not intended here.

Option C:
Redundancy ensures that crucial information has several chances to reach the receiver,making option B the right choice.

Option D:
Secrecy limits distribution of information and is unrelated to repeated clarification.