Quantitative and qualitative data analysis – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E describe standard practices in data analysis, whereas D is false. Quantitative analysis relies on descriptive and inferential statistics, qualitative analysis uses coding and categorisation and mixed-methods studies often analyse each strand separately before integrating findings. In qualitative research, analysis and data collection can overlap, with emerging codes shaping further data collection. Statement D is wrong because quantitative analysis requires data; planning may occur earlier, but analysis itself cannot begin before data exist.

Option A:
Option A includes A, B and C but omits E, missing the important point that qualitative analysis is often iterative, beginning during data collection. Without E, the option does not fully represent the dynamic nature of qualitative analysis.

Option B:
Option B leaves out B, and thus fails to mention coding and categorisation as core qualitative techniques, even though it includes two other correct elements. This omission makes the description incomplete.

Option C:
Option C ignores A, thereby not stating that quantitative analysis normally uses descriptive and inferential statistics, which is fundamental in research methodology. As a result, it cannot be considered correct.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it combines all four true statements and excludes D, which misrepresents the timing of quantitative data analysis. It captures both the distinct and integrated aspects of quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Option E includes D, the false claim that quantitative analysis can start before data collection, and so the option becomes invalid even though it also contains true statements.