Parametric and non parametric tests – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E accurately describe key features of parametric and non-parametric tests, whereas statement D is incorrect. Statement A is true because most parametric tests presuppose that the underlying population is normally distributed or meets similar assumptions. Statement B is correct since non-parametric tests are commonly used for nominal and ordinal data, and statement C rightly notes that parametric procedures generally require information about population parameters such as mean and standard deviation. Statement E is also true because the decision between parametric and non-parametric tests depends on both the level of measurement and distributional characteristics, while statement D is false since non-parametric tests are not automatically applicable without regard to assumptions and are not always more powerful than parametric tests.

Option A:
Option A contains A, B and C, all of which are correct statements, but it omits E. Because E is also a true statement about how researchers choose between parametric and non-parametric tests, this option does not include the complete set of correct statements. Therefore it cannot be the right answer.

Option B:
Option B includes B, C and E but leaves out A. While B, C and E are true, excluding A ignores the important assumption that parametric tests usually require normality or similar distributional properties. Since all four of A, B, C and E are correct, this incomplete combination is not acceptable.

Option C:
Option C groups A, C and E and omits B. Although A, C and E are correct, B is also a true statement describing when non-parametric tests are typically employed. Leaving out a correct statement means the combination is not fully accurate, so this option is invalid.

Option D:
Option D correctly lists A, B, C and E while excluding D, which is the only false statement. It acknowledges the assumptions behind parametric tests, the typical uses of non-parametric tests, the need for parameter information and the role of measurement levels and distribution in test selection. Because it contains all and only the true statements, this option is the correct answer.