Organic farming environmental benefits – UGC NET Question

Organic farming emphasises the use of organic manures, green manuring, crop rotations and biological pest control instead of synthetic chemicals. These practices enhance soil organic matter, improve structure and support beneficial organisms such as earthworms and microbes. Diversified cropping systems also promote on-farm biodiversity. Consequently, increased soil health and biodiversity through organic inputs and rotations is a key environmental advantage of organic farming.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because organic systems deliberately avoid heavy use of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides. They seek to maintain fertility and pest control through ecological processes rather than external chemicals.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it highlights how organic practices build soil organic matter and encourage diverse life forms. This leads to better nutrient cycling, water retention and resilience against erosion and pests.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since organic farming usually discourages strict monocultures and encourages mixed cropping and rotations. Monocultures with high inputs are more characteristic of conventional intensive agriculture.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because organic yields can vary and may be lower than conventional yields under some conditions. The approach focuses on sustainability and quality rather than guaranteeing maximum yield in all circumstances.