Kunming–Montreal 30×30 biodiversity goal – UGC NET Question

The Kunming–Montreal Framework includes a headline target to safeguard at least 30% of land and sea by 2030. This is meant to be done in a way that is representative of different ecosystems and connected to allow species movement and ecological processes. The target is framed as part of a broader effort to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. It has become a rallying point in global conservation discourse, often referred to simply as “30×30”. (Convention on Biological Diversity)

Option A:
This option correctly reflects both the percentage and the deadline, as well as the idea that areas should be ecologically representative and well connected. It aligns with official text and public communication on the Global Biodiversity Framework, so it is the most accurate choice.

Option B:
Population-reduction schemes of this kind are neither part of the framework nor ethically or politically acceptable in global agreements. Linking “30×30” to population control confuses biodiversity policy with unrelated demographic ideas.

Option C:
Budgetary allocation targets are important but the framework does not set a universal rule that 30% of all national budgets must go to protected areas. This option exaggerates financial commitments and mislabels the specific “30×30” phrase.

Option D:
Large-scale tree planting can support biodiversity but “30×30” is not defined as planting 30 billion trees in 30 countries. It focuses instead on protection and restoration of diverse ecosystems on land and sea, not just tree numbers.