Formative and summative evaluation – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and F correctly distinguish formative and summative evaluation. A is true because formative assessment happens during learning for feedback. B is true as summative evaluation typically occurs at the end for certification. C is true since formative results help teachers adjust strategies, and F is true because quizzes, assignments and observations are common formative tools. D is false because summative evaluations are usually formal and structured, and E is false since formative scores may also inform grading policies; hence A, B, C and F only is correct.

Option A:
Option A includes all the correct statements and omits D and E, which mischaracterise summative formality and grading roles, so it is the correct answer.

Option B:
Option B leaves out F, failing to specify examples of formative techniques, and thus A, B and C only is incomplete.

Option C:
Option C includes D, which inaccurately describes summative evaluation as always informal, making B, C, D and F only invalid.

Option D:
Option D includes E, which denies any grading role for formative assessments, so A, C, E and F only cannot be accepted.