Formal communication follows the official lines of authority and uses prescribed formats such as circulars and memos. A principal's circular to teachers about duty is written through legitimate channels and carries official instructions. Hence it is formal communication.
Option A:
Informal communication is casual and not channelled through official procedures,so it does not match the circular described.
Option B:
The structured,recorded nature of the circular fits the idea of formal communication,making this option correct.
Option C:
Grapevine communication is unrecorded and spreads through personal talk rather than written orders.
Option D:
Mass communication is addressed to a very large anonymous public,not just to staff within an institution.
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