Downward communication moves from higher positions to lower ones in an organisation. A principal issuing a circular that assigns duties to staff members is giving instructions from superior to subordinates. This clearly fits the pattern of downward communication.
Option A:
Horizontal communication would take place among staff members of the same level rather than from principal to staff.
Option B:
Upward communication would consist of reports or feedback from staff to the principal,not instructions from principal.
Option C:
Downward messages typically convey decisions,policies and assignments,making option C the best descriptor.
Option D:
Diagonal communication would involve crossing both hierarchies and departments,which is not indicated in the stem.
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