Bandwidth and QoS in networks – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, D and E correctly describe how bandwidth and QoS relate to e-learning services, while C and F are false. Bandwidth is a data rate, QoS can prioritise real-time traffic and low bandwidth leads to buffering. Monitoring usage allows institutions to make informed upgrade decisions. Networks rarely treat all traffic equally under congestion, and oversupply of bandwidth does not remove the need for management, so C and F must be excluded.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it integrates definitions, technical mechanisms, service quality effects and planning practices into one coherent set. It recognises that both capacity and management matter for reliable e-learning.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it omits E, and therefore does not mention monitoring and planning. While A, B and D are true, they do not cover the long-term capacity management aspect.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it excludes A, which provides the foundational concept of bandwidth. B, D and E are true, but without A, the explanation of what is being managed in QoS and capacity planning is incomplete.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it omits B, thereby ignoring QoS mechanisms as a way to protect time-sensitive traffic. A, D and E are correct, yet the absence of B weakens understanding of how networks can handle mixed applications.