UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

The World Wide Web is a service built on top of the Internet that organises information into interconnected web pages. Users access these documents using browsers that interpret HTML and related technologies. The web relies on hyperlinks and URLs to navigate between resources. Therefore the description of interlinked hypertext documents fits the World Wide Web.

Option A:
Option A is correct because the World Wide Web specifically denotes the global set of websites and pages linked together, which are retrieved using HTTP or HTTPS. It is not identical with the infrastructure of the Internet but is the most visible service running on it.

Option B:
Option B, Internet of Things, refers to networks of physical devices embedded with sensors and connectivity and is not limited to hypertext documents or browser-based access. Its focus is on smart objects rather than web pages.

Option C:
Option C, transmission control protocol, is a communication protocol that manages reliable data transfer but does not itself refer to documents or hypertext. It operates at a lower layer in the networking stack.

Option D:
Option D, file transfer system, might describe a generic way of moving files over a network, such as FTP, but it lacks the notion of interlinked hypertext accessible via browsers.

Statements A, B, C, D and E correctly summarise the relationship between the Internet and the web, as well as tools and protocols. The web runs over the Internet, browsers access pages using URLs and HTTP/HTTPS, and search engines index content to support retrieval. Statement F is false because the Internet is a distributed network of many interconnected devices, not a single central computer. Therefore the true set consists of A, B, C, D and E only.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it includes all accurate statements about how the web operates over the Internet and how users access resources. It excludes the central-computer misconception in F, which contradicts the distributed nature of the Internet.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it omits E, thereby ignoring the important role of search engines in helping users navigate the vast web content. While A, B, C and D are true, the set does not contain all correct statements.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it adds F, which misrepresents the Internet architecture by treating it as a single machine. Mixing a false statement with true ones means this combination cannot be accepted.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it leaves out A and therefore does not explicitly describe what the World Wide Web is. Although B, C, D and E are correct, omitting A makes the description incomplete.

Statements A, B and D provide accurate descriptions of core Internet and Web concepts. The Internet is indeed a global network infrastructure, and the World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext resources that ride on top of the Internet. URLs serve as unique addresses for locating resources on the Web. Statement C is wrong because a web browser is software, not hardware, and it does not provide the physical connection to the Internet, so the correct set of true statements is A, B and D only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it includes statements A and B but omits statement D. While A and B are correctly identified as true, the role of URLs as web addresses in statement D is also a correct concept. Since all three statements A, B and D are true, restricting the answer to A and B only makes this option incomplete.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it lists only B and D as true statements. Although statements B and D are correct, statement A correctly explains the nature of the Internet as a global network. Excluding A fails to capture the full set of correct statements required by the question.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it groups statements A, B and D, all of which are accurate. Together they distinguish the Internet as the underlying network, the Web as a hypertext service on that network, and URLs as the addressing system used on the Web. Statement C is rightly excluded because it wrongly describes a web browser as hardware rather than software.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes statement C along with A and D. While A and D are true, statement C is false since a web browser is software that runs on a computer to access web pages, not a hardware device for network connection. By combining a false statement with true ones, this option fails to meet the requirement of containing only correct statements.

Hyperlinks are the core mechanism that connects web pages and resources on the World Wide Web. They associate visible text or images with destination addresses so that clicking them loads another page, file or section, enabling non-linear navigation and quick access to related information.

Option A:
This option incorrectly attributes increased storage capacity to hyperlinks. Storage depends on hardware like hard drives or SSDs, not on elements embedded in web pages.

Option B:
Shutting down the browser on every mouse movement would be a serious malfunction, not a feature of hyperlinks. Hyperlinks only respond when they are activated by a click or keyboard action.

Option C:
This option correctly highlights that hyperlinks are clickable and that they take users to another location on the same page, another page or even a different site, matching actual web navigation.

Option D:
Virus cleaning is the job of security and antivirus software, not of hyperlinks. Hyperlinks simply point to locations and do not themselves perform system maintenance.

The World Wide Web is a collection of interlinked documents and resources identified by URLs and accessed over the internet using HTTP. Web browsers render these resources so that users can navigate across pages through hyperlinks. While it runs on top of the internet, it is distinct from other services such as email or file transfer. Therefore, the system of linked documents described in the stem is the World Wide Web.

Option A:
Option A, file transfer service, refers specifically to mechanisms like FTP that move files between machines but do not describe a hyperlinked document system.

Option B:
Option B is correct because standard ICT teaching defines the Web exactly as a system of interlinked hypertext documents delivered through browsers using HTTP. The notion of hyperlinks and documents in the stem corresponds directly to this definition.

Option C:
Option C, e-mail, is an electronic messaging service and does not organise information primarily as interlinked pages.

Option D:
Option D, remote login, involves accessing another computer's command line or desktop over a network and is not a hypertext-based document system.

The Internet provides the underlying infrastructure of interconnected networks that transport data using standard protocols. The Web is an application layer that leverages this infrastructure to deliver hyperlinked pages using HTTP or HTTPS. Users often access the Web through browsers but may use the Internet for other services like email and file transfer. This statement correctly captures their relationship.

Option A:
This option aligns with standard definitions and helps students avoid the common confusion between physical connectivity and specific services. It clarifies that the Web is just one of several services available over the Internet.

Option B:
Treating the two terms as identical hides important conceptual distinctions about layers and services. It may cause misunderstandings when discussing other Internet services beyond the Web.

Option C:
Restricting the Internet to email and the Web to video calls is arbitrary and incorrect. Both can support a wide range of applications depending on protocols and software.

Option D:
Identifying the Web as hardware and the Internet as printed documents reverses reality. Both concepts relate to digital networks and services rather than physical devices or paper manuals.

Browsers like Chrome, Firefox or Edge are installed on devices to render web content using protocols such as HTTP and HTTPS. Search engines such as Google or Bing run as services on the web that maintain huge indexes of websites and return results based on user queries. Users first open a browser and then visit a search engine site to locate information. This option therefore correctly captures their complementary but distinct roles.

Option A:
This option wrongly states that the two are exactly the same, ignoring their different technical functions. Confusing them can lead to misunderstanding of how web navigation actually works. From an ICT literacy perspective, differentiating them is essential.

Option B:
This option misclassifies the browser as a website and the search engine as a physical device, both of which are false. Search engines are implemented as software running on servers, not as standalone hardware gadgets. Hence, the description is technically incorrect.

Option C:
This option assigns very narrow and inaccurate tasks to browsers and search engines. Browsers are used for a wide range of online activities, not just email. Search engines help locate information of many types and do not specialise in online games. Thus, the option is misleading.

Option D:

Statements A, B and D are correct descriptions of web browsers, whereas statement C is misleading. Browsers are application software for accessing web content, bookmarks save favourite URLs and extensions add extra features such as ad blocking or note-taking. Private or incognito mode mainly limits local storage of history and cookies on the device, but does not prevent all tracking by websites or network providers. Hence the correct combination is A, B and D only.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it lists only A and B as correct, omitting D. Although accessing web resources and bookmarking are important functions, extensions and add-ons are also widely used to extend browser capabilities. Leaving out D makes the description incomplete.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it treats all four statements as correct and therefore accepts C. Since C overstates the protection offered by private mode, including it results in a factually inaccurate combination.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it includes only B and D and omits A. A defines what a web browser is, so excluding it weakens the conceptual understanding of the tool. Additionally, this option does not address the inaccuracy in statement C.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it acknowledges basic browser functions and the role of extensions while rejecting the exaggerated privacy claim in C. It presents a realistic view of what private browsing can and cannot do.