Immediacy refers to behaviours that reduce psychological distance between communicator and audience. Verbal immediacy includes personal references,jokes and inclusive language. A teacher using students' names and friendly comments is building closeness. Hence these are verbal immediacy behaviours.
Option A:
Immediacy enhances motivation and participation by making students feel recognised and psychologically close to the teacher.
Option B:
Avoidance would involve withdrawing from students or minimising contact,which is opposite to what is described.
Option C:
Punishment is a disciplinary act and does not reflect warmth or closeness.
Option D:
Secrecy hides information and is unrelated to friendliness.
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