UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Natural disasters result from natural processes such as tectonic activity or extreme weather, whereas man-made disasters arise from human actions or technological failures. An earthquake is a geophysical natural hazard, while an industrial chemical leak typically reflects human or technological error, so this pair correctly matches the two categories.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it clearly pairs a natural event (earthquake) with a technological accident (industrial chemical leak).

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since both a road accident and a dam failure due to design error are primarily human-made or technological, not a natural–man-made pair.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it pairs a technological disaster (nuclear reactor explosion) with a natural hazard (volcanic eruption) but does not clearly label which is which in the option wording.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because both examples are presented in a way that does not clearly form a natural–man-made matched pair as intended; the classification is ambiguous.